P02-02 Evaluating community-based programmes for health promotion: a novel approach considering the complexity perspective

Abstract Background For the past decade, community-based programmes have been a popular strategy for physical activity promotion. The implementation of these programmes is a complex process, characterized by (a) objectives that vary locally, (b) adaptions to the programme over time in response to a community's shifting needs, challenges and opportunities, (c) emergent outcomes, and (d) non-linear causality. This poses several challenges for evaluation, as commonly used evaluation designs mainly focus on predetermined programme components and outcomes. Such a traditional evaluation approach may overlook necessary but unanticipated programme developments or outcomes and provide limited opportunity to learn from these. The aim of this study was to develop a novel evaluation approach that considers the complexity perspective, in order to evaluate a large community-based programme for children's physical activity and health promotion in the Netherlands. Methods An exploratory review of theoretical and methodological literature regarding community-based health promotion, complexity theory, developmental evaluation and theory based evaluation was conducted. Based on this review a novel evaluation approach was developed. Results The developed evaluation framework focusses on elements of the complex and adaptive implementation process of community-based health promotion. These include the local programme theory, implementation, adaption, the influence of context and feedback loops, and intended as well as emergent and unintended outcomes. By studying each of these elements in practice using innovative qualitative methods, including Ripple Effects Mapping and the Critical Event Card tool, principles that guide effective health promotion across community contexts can be extracted. Practice-based knowledge can subsequently be validated in other contexts. Conclusions The proposed evaluation approach aims to inform both research and practice (local and national programme planners and policy makers), by considering the implementation of community-based programmes as a complex process in evaluation. Using this evaluation approach will provide insight in how community-based health promotion programmes impact communities, and which mechanisms underly success or failure. The proposed evaluation approach may be relevant for other physical activity promotion programmes or policies. Since considering complexity in evaluation is a relatively new challenge in public health, we believe it is essential to share and deliberate on innovative evaluation approaches and methods.


Background
For the past decade, community-based programmes have been a popular strategy for physical activity promotion. The implementation of these programmes is a complex process, characterized by (a) objectives that vary locally, (b) adaptions to the programme over time in response to a community's shifting needs, challenges and opportunities, (c) emergent outcomes, and (d) non-linear causality. This poses several challenges for evaluation, as commonly used evaluation designs mainly focus on predetermined programme components and outcomes. Such a traditional evaluation approach may overlook necessary but unanticipated programme developments or outcomes and provide limited opportunity to learn from these. The aim of this study was to develop a novel evaluation approach that considers the complexity perspective, in order to evaluate a large community-based programme for children's physical activity and health promotion in the Netherlands.

Methods
An exploratory review of theoretical and methodological literature regarding community-based health promotion, complexity theory, developmental evaluation and theory based evaluation was conducted. Based on this review a novel evaluation approach was developed.

Results
The developed evaluation framework focusses on elements of the complex and adaptive implementation process of community-based health promotion. These include the local programme theory, implementation, adaption, the influence of context and feedback loops, and intended as well as emergent and unintended outcomes. By studying each of these elements in practice using innovative qualitative methods, including Ripple Effects Mapping and the Critical Event Card tool, principles that guide effective health promotion across community contexts can be extracted. Practice-based knowledge can subsequently be validated in other contexts.

Conclusions
The proposed evaluation approach aims to inform both research and practice (local and national programme planners and policy makers), by considering the implementation of community-based programmes as a complex process in evaluation. Using this evaluation approach will provide insight in how community-based health promotion programmes impact communities, and which mechanisms underly success or failure. The proposed evaluation approach may be relevant for other physical activity promotion programmes or policies. Since considering complexity in evaluation is a relatively new challenge in public health, we believe it is essential to share and deliberate on innovative evaluation approaches and methods.
Keywords: Community-based, children, youth, evaluation, complex Abstract citation ID: ckac095.022 P02-03 A systematic review and qualitative metasynthesis of the context, barriers and facilitators to cross-sector collaboration promoting physical activity

Background
The intricacies of cross sector partnerships regarding what may help and what may hinder collaboration and partnerships in the short-or long-term remain largely unknown. The 2018 Global Action Plan for Physical Activity promotes wholesystem collaborative approaches and our review contributes to our understanding of the management of cross-sector partnerships and collaborations promoting physical activity.

Methods
We searched Medline, Embase, PsychINFO, ProQuest Central, SCOPUS and SPORTDiscus to identify published records dating from 1986 to August 2021. Public health interventions using a partnership approach were included, if at least two partners were not from the same sector and their shared goal was to promote or increase population-level physical activity. Eligibility also required records to include information about the context and the barriers and/or facilitators of the partners of the reported cross-sector partnerships. The CASP checklist and the ROBINS-I tool were used to appraise the included records and thematic analysis to summarise and synthesise the findings. Due to the small number of eligible quantitative studies, the study focused on qualitative findings relating to the parameters set out for this systematic review.

Results
The study included records (n = 32) that described public health interventions or programs aiming to promote physical activity, community sport or active living through cross-sector partnerhips, as part of qualitative (n = 19), quantitative (n = 1) or mixed methods (n = 12) research. The review identified barriers, facilitators and recommendations to overcome common challenges in relation to four broad themes: approaching and selecting partners, funding, building capacity and taking joint action.

Conclusion
Partners are often urged to collaborate under the limits of time and resources. Agreeing on expectations, gaining momentum and establishing trust requires time and resources early on, before any intervention output can be evidenced. Therefore, investment in the early stages may remove key barriers of Abstract citation ID: ckac095.023 P02-04 Citizen science during Covid-19 pandemic to enhance an activating environment in a low-SES neighborhood One neighborhood in Groningen, the Netherlands, is a neighborhood housing about 12,000 citizens with on average a low-SES background, showing a less healthy and active lifestyle. In the past, initiatives have been undertaken to promote active lifestyle by implementing outdoor facilities stimulating physical activity. However, use of facilities was 2022 HEPA Europe Conference ii69